Application Of Nanotechnology in Construction Engineering

Significance of Nanotechnology in Civil and Construction Engineering

Nanotechnology is a field that is dominated by developments in basic physics and chemistry research where phenomena on atomic and molecular level are used to provide materials and structures that perform tasks that are not possible using the materials in their typical macroscopic form. The evolution of technology

and instrumentation as well as its related scientific areas such as physics and chemistry are making the research on nanotechnology aggressive and evolutional.Not surprisingly, it is observed that expenditure on

nanotechnology research is significant. The U.S. National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) expenditures exceed $1billion each year, with the President’s 2008 budget for NNI at $1.5 billion. However, the research is mainly moving forward motivated by immediate profitable return generated by high value commercial products.It has been established by study, nanotechnology in construction ranked 8 of 10 applications that most likely have impact in the developing world.Nanotechnology covers the design, construction and utilization of functional structures with at least one

characteristic dimension measured in nanometers.The field of nanotechnology has developed in major leaps

during the past 10 years. These developments were mainly driven by factors such as dedicated initiatives in

the field (e.g. the National Nanotechnology Initiative) improvements in characterization equipment and a new

understanding into the chemistry and physics of matter on the nanoscale. Nanoscale science can be divided into three broad areas, e.g. nanostructures, nanofabrication and nanocharacterization with typical applications in nanoelectronics and life sciences & energy.

This article examines the potential areas where nanotechnology can benefit construction engineering.The data and information collected is from current literature. The purpose is to point out clear cut direction

among the nanotechnology development areas where the construction process would immediately harness

nanotechnology, by specifying clear recommendations.The information would be beneficial to both construction engineering education and research.The rest of the paper is organized as follows. In Section II, detailed applications of nanotechnogy in construction engineering/industry are presented. Section III,presents the future challenges and directions. Finally,concluding remarks are offered in Section IV.

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