Seminar On Multi-Standard Radio

An optimal architecture for a multi-standard reconfigurable radio:Cost-minimising common operators under latency constraints

We build a mathematical model to identify the optimal architecture for a multi-standards reconfigurable

radio. The basic trade-off we examine is that of the (monetary) cost of a multi-standard reconfigurable radio versus its performance. We find an architecture which minimises the cost, while observing performance (computational time) constraints.We model the radio as a hypergraph of progressively simpler functional modules. The functionality of one such module can be provided either through a selfcontained component, or through the invocation of simpler (lower level) modules. A self-contained component is an optimised hardware/software combination built to perform a task in the most efficient way. One such component could be an equaliser, for example.Simpler, lower-level components are generally less expensive to build, and can be reused by several upperlevel modules inside and across standards. The use of lower-level components reduces the manufacturing cost, and quite possibly the size and the weight of the radio. Unfortunately, such use generally increases the execution time of the concerned task. As a consequence,the total execution time of a given operation may exceed practical limitations.

Thus, we see the design of a multi-standard reconfigurable radio as choosing the optimal point between two extremes. At one extreme is the Velcro approach: to install self-contained complex communication modules

each exclusively dedicated to a given standard. At the other extreme, we can attempt to build the entire multi-standard radio through very simple components (adders, multipliers, MAC, etc) that are invoked by more complex modules to perform the various communication tasks necessitated by the supported communication standards. The Velcro approach will generally provide the best performance, but at the highest cost (and probably greatest size and weight). Conversely,

by going to the other extreme, we can minimise the (monetary) cost (and the size and weight) of the radio,

but at a performance level that may be unacceptable.Thus, we need to find the right level of complexity for

the various modules that gives us the best trade-off between performance and cost.This study is based on the “common operators” approach to the design of reconfigurable equipment.Its main principle is the identification and (re)use of common operators that can each match several processing contexts by a simple parameter adjustment.To achieve, from this perspective, an optimal architecture capable of supporting several communication standards, one must identify an optimal level of complexity for various functional modules. The selected modules may be simpler than a self-contained module that implements a major communication task (such as equalisation or modulation), but more complex than primitive operators such as AND, OR, adder, etc.This approach can greatly increase the efficiency of a multi-standard software-defined radio, both in terms of manufacturing cost, and of the speed of reconfiguration during operation.

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