Steady Fluid Flow Across a Circular Cylinder

Steady fluid flow across a circular cylinder is one of the canonical problems of fluid dynamics based on the simplicity of the problem formulation and the ubiquitous presence of cylinders in engineering applications. Vortex induced vibrations are a modern day problem resulting from vortex shedding in the wake of bluff bodies. Vibrations experienced due to vortex shedding can occur in a large variety of structures.The primary goal of this research is to analyze vortex induced vibrations in the context of ocean structures. With an increasing demand for energy, the search for energy resources is partially focused on ocean.

When a bluff body is subjected to a fluid flow at sufficiently large Reynolds numbers, the flow separates from a wider section of the body giving rise to periodic vortex shedding from either sides of the body. This alternate vortex shedding characterized by definite periodicity would cause fluctuating pressure forces on the surfaces of the body due to which the body undergoes vibrations, if it is flexibly mounted. In this process, a coupling develops between the oscillating body and the flow field around it. The oscillations would influence the flow field and the flow field in turn would influence the oscillations forming a mutually coupled non-linear oscillatory system. Additional non-linearities could influence the system such as those arising from the variable stiffness and response-dependent structural damping.

Fundamentally, the body excitation amplitude is controlled by the flow velocity, fluid and flow properties, dimensions and geometry of the body, damping and also on the orientation of the body to the flow direction. Hence, in general, by controlling one or more of these factors, the flow induced oscillations could be markedly influenced. But, in situations where some of these factors could not be controlled or unpredictable or in situations where these factors are set at certain values to achieve certain other engineering objectives, other controlling measures have to be adopted to contain the flow-induced vibrations within safe limits or to suppress them.

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