Working And Application Of Ultrasonic Motors

SEMINAR ON ULTRASONIC MOTOR 

Ultrasonic motors, which have superior characteristics like high torque at low speed, absence of magnetic interference, and compactness in size, are good candidates for medical applications, automation, robotics, aerospace engineering and various other fields. Many different types of ultrasonic motors have been proposed up to date.The stator of an ultrasonic motor that is excited by piezoelectric elements in ultrasonic frequency range develops different kinds of vibrations depending on its structure. From the way of creating an elliptical motion on the stator, ultrasonic motors were classified into two major groups, such as standing wave and traveling wave types.Further classifications include mode-conversion, multi-mode and mode-rotation types of motors that are suitable for miniaturization and can be manufactured less costly.Ultrasonic motors are of great interest due to the flexibility of miniaturization in comparison with conventional electromagnetic motors whose efficiency decreases significantly. Especially in information systems  and medical industry, compact size of these motors makes them find wider applications The design, fabrication and characterization of a piezoelectric ultrasonic micromotor have been investigated.The piezoelectric motor makes use of two orthogonal bending modes of a hollow cylinder. The vibrating element, stator, of the motor consists of a brass tube and two piezoelectric plates bonded to two flattened surfaces of the tube.Three different motors were fabricated. In the first two designs, a solid stainless steel was used as a shaft, a spring as a pre-stress and a ferrule to hold the rod and the spring. Major improvement of the 2nd motor with respect to the 1st one was the reduction in the dimensions of the stator. 3rd motor was the smallest in length of all and the shaft was replaced with a spring. Consequently, miniaturization and simplification of the proposed design were achieved.All three motors were characterized individually. Admittance spectra of the free stators, torque, power and efficiency values of each motor were presented.Driving of the motor was enabled by a switching power supply. It is conventional and cheap.

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