SOLAR DESICCANT COOLING SYSTEMS WITH HYBRID AIR-PV SOLAR COLLECTORS

Investigations and results experienced by monitoring several solar desiccant cooling systems have highlighted someccrucial aspects that can relevantly affect their performance.Energy consumption of electric auxiliaries in solar desiccant systems is normally higher than in conventional Air Handling Units (AHU) because more components are needed (dehumidifying wheel, air collectors, evaporative cooling devices). On the other hand, in most cases an increase of electricity consumption for fans operation causes a reduction of primary energy saving potential. Also the configuration of the AHU and the different control strategies have a big influence on primary energy balance for a specified load and climatic condition. In addition, the use of solar desiccant systems presents some technical limits in combination with hot and humid climate. In this paper the performances of desiccant systems more suitable for the weather conditions of the Mediterranean area are investigated with hourly simulations in different load patterns. Both cooling and heating operations were considered for the evaluation of the energy performances in terms of primary energy consumption and were compared to those of conventional AHUs.

This paper presents a detailed analysis about energy performance of solar desiccant cooling systems equipped with standard air and hybrid photovoltaic/thermal collectors. The use of the “solar co-generation” by means of hybrid collectors allows the simultaneous production of electricity and heat directly usable by desiccant air handling units. The work concerns the results of TRNSYS simulations carried out on different air driven desiccant cooling systems for the Mediterranean climate operating without any storage device. All systems were investigated with hourly simulations of different system/load combinations. In particular, two kinds of use were considered: an office and a lecture room with different sensible and latent loads. Three

configurations of solar desiccant cooling systems were considered and compared with standard air handling units in terms of achieved primary energy saving. The relationship between the solar collectors area and the specific primary energy consumption for different system configurations and room occupation patterns is described. In the framework of the positive trend related to PV installations in many European Countries, the present work also represents a first step for further investigation dealing with the economic performances of the considered systems.

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