GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANTS

SEMINAR ON GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANTS

Geothermal power is power extracted from heat stored in the Earth.This Geothermal energy originates from the original formation of the planet, from radioactive decay of minerals, and from solar energy observed at the surface. It has been used for space heating and bathing since ancient times, but is now better cost effective, reliable,environmental friendly. The only problem is that it is limited to areas near tectonic plate

boundaries. The natural heat in the earth has manifested itself for thousands tears in the form of volcanoes, lava, hut springs, and geysers.In this paper various geothermal sources and their utilization for producing electricity is studied. The various geothermal sources are hydrothermal, geopressurised and petro thermal systems. Of these the hydrothermal systems are mainly used in geothermal power plants. Hydrothermal systems are further classified into vapor dominated systems and liquid dominated systems. Single flash geothermal power plant and double flash geothermal power plant are the two type’s power plants working on liquid dominated system. The environmental impact and economics of geothermal power plants is also mentioned in this paper. It also constitutes a comparison between geothermal power plants and conventional thermal power plants. Also different geothermal power plants around the world and scope of geothermal power plants in India is included.

In this paper a study of geothermal power and power plants using geothermal power is done. Geothermal power being a non convectional source of energy if conveniently used can generate an appreciable amount of energy. The two major types of geothermal power plants are vapor dominated system and liquid dominated system. Other applications of geothermal power include space heating, district heating, for melting snow on roads and pavements etc…

Of the total geothermal based electricity generation worldwide, 25% comes from double flash geothermal powerplants.In this paper, a hypothetical double flash power plant is examined, and first and second flashing pressures are optimized.Performance analysis is then performed by exergy and energy concepts. Main energy losses are taking place in the condenser, low pressure turbine and with waste fluids.Energy losses percentages in these places are 22.3, 14, and 17.4 respectively. These sections are the heat losses areas in power plant. Geothermal energy is one of the renewable resources that has practically no intermittency, has the highest energy density, and economically not far removed from convectional technologies. Geothermal energy is classified as renewable because the earth’s interior is and will continue the process of cooling for the indefinite future.Hence geothermal energy from the earth’s interior is almost as inexhaustible as solar or wind energy, so long as its sources are actively sought and economically tapped.Geothermal based electricity generation is exposed to continue to increase in the next few years all over the world because of the privatization of construction and operation of geothermal power plants in many countries.

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